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MapInfo MIF/MID文件格式描述
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發(fā)表于 2009-03-12 09:46:23  只看樓主 
=============MapInfo MIF/MID file format description=========

MapInfo MIF/MID文件格式描述



(from Appendix A of MapInfo Reference)

(摘自MapInfo參考資料的附錄a)



This appendix describes the data interchange format for MapInfo. In this

appendix, you will find information on:

這個(gè)附錄描述了MapInfo的數(shù)據(jù)交換格式。在這個(gè)附錄中,你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)如下信息:

MIF File header

MIF Data Section

Pen, Brush, Symbol, and Font Codes in MIF

MID File



This versatile format allows generic data to be attached to a variety of

graphical items. It's ASCII, so it is editable, relatively easy to generate,

and works on all platforms supported by MapInfo. Perhaps the best way to

understand the MapInfo Interchange Format (MIF) is to study the sample file

at the end of this appendix in conjunction with the explanation of the file

format. You can also create samples of your own by exporting files to MIF and

then examining those files in a text editor.

這種通用的格式允許把普通的數(shù)據(jù)添加到多種的圖像元素中。MIF/MID文件采用ASCII編碼,因此它是可編輯的、相對(duì)比較容易生成、并且可以工作在MapInfo支持的所有平臺(tái)上。也許理解MIF格式的最好的方法是在讀完這篇文章后,拿著MIF格式說明,研究一個(gè)MIF文件。你也可以通過“exporting files to MIF”創(chuàng)建你自己的MIF文件,然后在文本編輯器中好好的研究它。



Mapinfo data is in two file -- the graphics reside in a .MIF file and textual

data is contained in a .MID file. The textual data is delimited data, with

one row per record and either Carriage Return, Carriage Return plus Line Feed,

or Line Feed between lines. The MIF file has two areas -- the file header and

the data section. Information on how to create MapInfo tables is in the

header; the graphical object definitions are in the data section.

MapInfo數(shù)據(jù)存在于兩種文件中--圖形數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在.MIF文件、文本數(shù)據(jù)存儲(chǔ)在.MID文件。文本數(shù)據(jù)包括每一項(xiàng)記錄的一行和回車,回車加換行,行之間的換行。MIF文件的數(shù)據(jù)包括兩部分--文件頭和數(shù)據(jù)區(qū)。文件頭存放著如何創(chuàng)建MapInfo表格的信息;數(shù)據(jù)區(qū)存放著圖形對(duì)象的解釋。













=================MIF FILE HEADER===============



This is a description of MIF file header with optional information in square

brackets.

下面是MIF文件頭的描述(包括可選項(xiàng),下表中由“[]”括起來的部分就是可選項(xiàng))。



Version n

Charset "characterSetName"

[ DELIMITER "<c>" ]

[ UNIQUE n,n.. ]

[ INDEX n,n.. ]

[ COORDSYS... ]

[ TRANSFORM... ]

COLUMNS n

<name> <type>

<name> <type>





DATA





1.Version 版本號(hào)



The Version clause states whether you are using VERSION 1, VERSION 2, or

VERSION 300 of the format. Version 300, introduced with Mapinfo 3.0, allows

multiple-section polyline objects.

“Version”說明你使用的MIF格式的版本(VERSION 1, VERSION 2, VERSION 300中的一種)。Version 300,引自Mapinfo 3.0,允許形容由多段組成的折線對(duì)象。



2.Charset 字符集



The Charset clause specifies which character set was used to create text in

the table. For example: Specify "WindowsLatin1" to indicate that the file was

created using the Windows US & Western Europe character set; specify

"MacRoman" to specify the Macintosh US & Western Europe character set; or

specify "Neutral" to avoid converting the text into another character set.

If you are not using one of these character sets, you can determine the

correct syntax for your character set by exporting a table and examining the

.MIF file in a text editor.

“Charset”指定表(此處還不知道是哪一個(gè)表)中創(chuàng)建文本所使用的字符集。比如說:"WindowsLatin1"說明文件使用的是the Windows US & Western Europe字符集;"MacRoman"說明文件使用的是the Macintosh US & Western Europe字符集;或者,注明"Neutral"是為了防止將文本轉(zhuǎn)成了另外的字符集。如果你沒有使用其中任何一個(gè)字符集,你可以通過exporting a table和examining the .MIF file in a text editor為你的字符集指定正確的語法。



3.Delimiter 分隔符



Specify the delimiting character in quotation marks, for example:

指定引號(hào)(即""或者'')之間的分隔符,比如說:



DELIMITER ";"



The default delimiter is Tab; if you are using the default, you do not need

the DELIMITER line.

默認(rèn)的分隔符是Tab;如果你使用的是默認(rèn)分隔符,你不需要“DELIMITER”這一行。



4.Unique



Specify a number. This number refers to a database column; 3 is the third

column, 7 is the seventh column, and so forth. What happens to column in the

UNIQUE list is subtle. For example, imagine that you have a database with

highways in it. Each highway has only one name, but it might be represented

by several segments. You would put the NAME column in the UNIQUE list, while

the column containing data for the individual segments would not be in that

list. This has the effect of creating two related tables; one with names,

and one with the other attributes of the objects. This is how MapInfo's

various street maps (StreetInfo) are prepared.

指定一個(gè)數(shù)字。這個(gè)數(shù)字指定一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫的列;3是第三列,7是第七列,以此類推。發(fā)生在UNIQUE指定的列上的事情是微妙的。比如說,想象一下你建立一個(gè)高速公路的數(shù)據(jù)庫。每一條路都只有一個(gè)名字,但是在每一路段中都會(huì)把名字重寫一遍。這時(shí)你會(huì)把NAME這一列放在一個(gè)單獨(dú)的表中,而包含每個(gè)路段的信息的其他列不會(huì)放在那個(gè)表中。這樣就可以創(chuàng)建兩個(gè)相關(guān)的表格:一個(gè)NAME表,一個(gè)包含其他信息。This is how MapInfo's various street maps(StreetInfo) are prepared.(這句不會(huì)翻譯)



5.Index 索引



To indicate that columns in the table are indexed, include a number (or a

comma-separated list of numbers) in the Index clause. Each number refers to

a database column; 3 is the third column, 7 is the seventh column, and so

forth. Columns in the INDEX list will have indexes prepared for them.

“Index”指明表中已經(jīng)建立索引(什么?你不知道什么是索引?自己查閱大學(xué)課本)的列,“INDEX”項(xiàng)包括一個(gè)數(shù)字(或者一系列數(shù)字)。每一個(gè)數(shù)字指定一個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫的列;3是第三列,7是第七列,以此類推。在“INDEX”表中指定的列會(huì)建立索引。



6.CoordSys



Specify the COORDSYS clause to note that the data is not stored in

longitude/latitude(經(jīng)/緯) form. When no COORDSYS clause is specified, data is

assumed to be stored in longitude/latitude forms. All coordinates are stored

with respect to the northeast quadrant. The coordinates for points in the

United States have a negative X while coordinates for points in Europe (east

of Greenwich) have a positive X .coordinates for points in the Northern

hemisphere have a positive Y while coordinates for points in the Southern

hemisphere have a negative Y.

指定“COORDSYS”項(xiàng)表示數(shù)據(jù)不是以經(jīng)緯度的形式存儲(chǔ)的。當(dāng)沒有指定“COORDSYS”這一項(xiàng)時(shí),數(shù)據(jù)被認(rèn)為是以經(jīng)緯度的方式存儲(chǔ)。All coordinates are stored with respectto the northeast quadrant.(這句話不知道怎么翻譯)。 在美國(guó)的點(diǎn)的x坐標(biāo)為負(fù)而在歐洲的點(diǎn)(Greenwich以東)的坐標(biāo)為正。在北半球的點(diǎn)的y坐標(biāo)為正而在南半球的點(diǎn)的坐標(biāo)為負(fù)。



Syntax 1:(不大懂,最好找兩個(gè)例子)



CoordSys Earth

[ Projection type,

datum,

unitname

[,origin_longtitude ]

[,origin_lattitude ]

[,standard_parallel_1

[,standard_parallel_2]]

[,azimuth ]

[,scale_factor ]

[,false_easting ]

[,false_northing]

[,range ]]

[ Bounds (minx,miny) (maxx,maxy) ]



Syntax 2:



CoordSys Nonearth

Units unitname

Bounds (minx,miny) (maxx,maxy)

下面是我對(duì)“Syntax 2”的理解:

<!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->



7.Transform 轉(zhuǎn)換



When you have MIF files with coordinates stored with respect to the northwest

quadrant (quadrant 2), you can transform them to northeast quadrant

(quadrant 1) with a transform clause.

你可以通過“Transform”實(shí)現(xiàn)地理元素的坐標(biāo)轉(zhuǎn)換。(這句話是我自己的理解,并沒有按原文翻譯)



--------------------------------------------

| Quadrant 2: | Quadrant 1: |

| Nortwest Quadrant | Norteast Quadrant |

--------------------------------------------

| Quadrant 3: | Quadrant 4: |

| Southwest Quadrant | Southeast Quadrant |

--------------------------------------------



The transofrm clause has the following syntax:

“Transform”的用法如下:

TRANSFORM Xmultiplier, Ymultiplier, Xdisplacement, Ydisplacement



To transform quadrant 2 data into quadrant 1 data, use the following

transform clause:

如果想把第2象限的數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換到第一象限,可以像如下使用“Transform”:



TRANSFORM -1,0,0,0



The zeroes instruct MapInfo to ignore that parameter.

0告訴MapInfo忽略那一項(xiàng):



When you have an application which creates MIF files in quadrant 2, you can:

當(dāng)你的程序在第二象限創(chuàng)建MIF文件,你可以:

Add the TRANSFORM clause to the MIF files

Change the application so that it creates coordinates in quadrant 1

Change the application so that it adds a TRANSFORM clause to the MIF Files



8.Columns 列



Specify the number of column. Then, for each column, create a row containing

the column name, the column type, and, for character and decimal columns, a

number to indicate the width of the field. Valid column types are:

指定列數(shù)。然后,為每一列,建立一行(包括the column name、the column type、一個(gè)用來指定域長(zhǎng)度的數(shù)字--僅為character和decimal類型的列建立)用來說明其格式。有效的列類型包括:



char(width)

integer[說明:which is 4 bytes, from -2^31 to 2^31-1]

smallint[說明:which is 2 bytes, so it can only store numbers between -32767 and +32767)]

decimal (width, decimals)

float

date

logical



This is an example of the columns section of the header:

下面是mif文件頭的COLUMNS部分的一個(gè)例子:



STATE char (15)

POPULATION integer

AREA decimal (8,4)



For the database specified in this header, the MID file has three columns:

通過上面指定的數(shù)據(jù)庫,我們知道對(duì)應(yīng)的MID文件有三列:



a 15 character field that represents the STATE column,

an integer field that represents the POPULATION column,

an AREA column that consists of a decimal field with up to 8 total

and 4 character after the decimal.

列名列類型

STATEchar(15) 15位長(zhǎng)的字符串

POPULATIONINTGER整型

AREAdecimal(8,4) 一個(gè)最長(zhǎng)8位、小數(shù)點(diǎn)后有4位的小數(shù)



=================MIFDATASECTION======================



The data section of the MIF file follows the header and must be introduced

with DATA on a single line:

MIF文件的“data”部分緊跟著文件頭并且必須由一個(gè)單行“DATA”引出:



DATA



The data section of the MIF file can have any number of graphical primitives,

one for each graphic object. MapInfo matches up entries in the MIF and MID

files, associating the first object in the MIF file with the first row in the

MID file, the second object in the MIF file with the second row in the MID

file, and so on.

MIF文件的數(shù)據(jù)部分可以包括任意長(zhǎng)度的圖形變量,其中每一項(xiàng)對(duì)映著一個(gè)圖形對(duì)象。MapInfo自動(dòng)使MIF和MID文件里面的每一條相一致,比如說:MIF文件的第一個(gè)object對(duì)應(yīng)著MID文件的第一行,MIF文件的第二個(gè)object對(duì)應(yīng)著MID文件的第二行。



When there is no graphic object corresponding to a particular row in the MID

file, a "blank" object (NONE) must be written as a place holder in the

corresponding place in the MIF file.

當(dāng)MIF文件中沒有圖形對(duì)象與MID文件的行對(duì)應(yīng)時(shí),一個(gè)“blank”對(duì)象必須寫在MIF文件中相應(yīng)的位置。



NONE



The graphical objects that can be specified are:

圖形對(duì)象可以被指定為如下幾種類型:



point //點(diǎn)

line//線

polyline //折線

region//區(qū)域

arc//弧

text//文本

rectangle//矩形

rounded rectangle//圓矩(即4個(gè)角做“鈍化”處理的矩形)

ellipse//橢圓



(下面是針對(duì)每一種類型的說明,很簡(jiǎn)單,我就不翻譯了)

--------point---------

A point object takes two parameters; an X coordinate and a Y coordinate. As an

option, specify the symbol that represents the point. Symbols are designated

by numbers. If you omit the SYMBOL clause, the current symbol is used.



POINT x y

[ SYMBOL (shape, color, size) ]



MapInfo 4.0 also supports two variations on the SYMBOL clause; see Symbol

discussion later in this appendix.

-------line----------

A line object requires four parameters; an X and a Y coordinate for each end

point. As an option, specify a pen type. When no pen type is specified,

the current pen type is used.



LINE x1 y1 x2 y2

[ PEN (width, pattern, color) ]

--------polyline-----------

A polyline object consists of one or more sections. If the polyline has more

than one section, include the MULTIPLE keyword, followed by the number of

sections. For each section, specify a numpts argument (which indicates the

number of nodes in that section), followed by an x/y coordinate pair for each

node. Use the optional PEN clause (described later in this appendix) to

specify the line style. If you include the optional SMOOTH keyword, the

polyline is smoothed.



PLINE [ MULTIPLE numsections ]

numpts1

x1 y1

x2 y2





[ numpts 2

x1 y1

x2 y2 ]





[ PEN (width, pattern, color) ]

[ SMOOTH ]

-----------region------------

A region object consists of one or more polygons(多邊形). Specify the number of

polygons through the numpolygons argument (immediately after the REGION

keyword). For each polygon, specify a numpts argument (which indicates the

number of nodes in that polygon), followed by an x/y coordinate pair for each

node. Use the optional PEN and BRUSH clauses (described later in this

appendix) to specify the object's style. Use the optional CENTER clause to

define the object's centroid explicitly.



REGION numpolygons

numpts1

x1 y1

x2 y2





[ numpts 2

x1 y1

x2 y2





[ PEN (width, pattern, color) ]

[ BRUSH (pattern, forecolor, backcolor) ]

[ CENTER x y ]

---------arc------------

An arc requires the diagonally opposite corners of its bounding rectangle

and the beginning (a) and ending (b) angles of the arc in degrees, moving

counter-clockwise with zero at three o'clock. As an option, specify the arc

type. (An arc specifies a section of an ellipse, the corners of which are

determined by the bounding rectangle.)



ARC x1 y1 x2 y2

a b

[ PEN (width, pattern, color) ]

-----------text--------------

A text object consists of a text string, up to 255 characters long. To make

the text string wrap onto multiple lines, insert the characters n within the

textstring argument (e.g. "First line nSecond line nThird line". The x1,

y1, x2, and y2 arguments specify the location of the text on the map.



Spacing can be 1.0 (single spacing), 1.5, or 2.0 (double spacing). Use the

Font clause (described later in this chapter) to control the typeface, etc.



TEXT "textstring"

x1 y1 x2 y2

[ FONT... ]

[ Spacing {1.0 | 1.5 | 2.0} ]

[ Justify {Left | Center | Right } ]

[ Angle text_angle ]

[ Label Line {simple | arrow} x y ]

------------rectangle-----------------

A rectangle requires the coordinates of the diagonally opposite corners. As

an option, specify pen and brush types.



RECT x1 y1 x2 y2

[ PEN (width, pattern, color) ]

[ BRUSH (pattern, forecolor, backcolor) ]

------------rounded rectangle------------------

A rounded rectangle requires the coordinates of the diagonally opposite

corners and the degree of rounding (a). As an option, specify pen and brush

types. Degree of rounding is expressed in coordinate units.



ROUNDRECT x1 y1 x2 y2

a

[ PEN (width, pattern, color) ]

[ BRUSH (pattern, forecolor, backcolor) ]

------------ellipse---------------------

An ellipse object requires the coordinates of the diagonally opposite corners

of its bounding rectangle. As an option, specify pen and brush types.



ELLIPSE x1 y1 x2 y2

[ PEN (width, pattern, color) ]

[BRUSH (pattern, forecolor, backcolor) ]

================================================================

PEN STYLES



The Pen clause specifies the width, pattern, and color of a linear object,

such as a line, polyline or arc. The Pen clause has the following syntax:



PEN (width, pattern, color)



Width is a number from zero to 7. Note: zero-width lines are invisible.

Color is an integer, representing a 24-bit RGB color value.

Pattern is an integer from 1 to 77; patter number 1 is invisible.



Due to a limitness of a text file patterns cannot be shown, however they are

available in MapInfo Refernce book. More info can be obtained by contacting



MapInfo. (http://www.mapinfo.com on internet)

===============================================

BRUSH STYLES



Brush specifies the pattern, foreground color, and background color of a

filled object, such as a circle or region. The Brush clause has the following

syntax:



BRUSH (pattern, forecolor [, backcolor ] )



The forecolor and backcolor arguments are both integers, representing 24-bit

RGB color values.

Pattern is a number from 1 to 71. Note: Pattern number 1 is "no fill," and

pattern number 2 is a solid fill. Pattern numbers 9-11 are reserved.



Tip: To specify a transparent fill style, use pattern number three or larger,

and omit the backcolor argument. For example: Brush( 5, 255 )



Due to a limitness of a text file patterns cannot be shown, however they are

available in MapInfo Refernce book. More info can be obtained by contacting



MapInfo. (http://www.mapinfo.com on internet)

===============================================

SYMBOL STYLES



The Symbol clause specifies the appearance of a Point object. There are

three different forms of the Symbol clause, described below.



Symbol Clause -- MapInfo 3.0 Syntax



The Symbol clause specifies the appearance of a Point object. There are

three different forms of the Symbol clause. To specify a symbol style using

"Old MapInfo Symbols" (the symbols that were used in earlier version of

MapInfo), use the following syntax:



SYMBOL (shape, color, size)



The shape argument is an integer value, 31 or larger; 31 represents a blank

symbol (i.e. the object will not be visible). The standard set of symbols

includes symbols 32 through 67, inclusive, but the user can customize the

symbol set by using the Symbol application.

The color argument is an integer representing a 24-bit RGB color value.

The size argument is an integer from 1 to 48, representing a point size.



The following table lists the default symbols provided with Mapinfo:



Due to a limitness of a text file symbols cannot be shown, however they are

available in MapInfo Refernce book. More info can be obtained by contacting

MapInfo. (http://www.mapinfo.com on internet)

=================================================

Symbol Clause -- TrueType Font Syntax



To specify a symbol style based on a character from a TrueType font, use

the following syntax:



SYMBOL (shape, color, size, fontname, fontstyle, rotation)



The fontstyle argument is an integer that controls settings such as Bold.

The following table lists the values you can use as fontstyle.



--------------------------------------------

fontstyle value Effect on Symbol style

--------------------------------------------

0 Plain text

1 Bold text

16 Black border around symbol

32 Drop shadow

256 White border around symbol

--------------------------------------------



To specify two or more style attributes, add the values from the lef column.

For example, to specify Bold and Drop Shadow, use 33.

The rotation argument is a floating-point number, representing a rotation

angle, in degrees.

==============================================

Symbol clause - Custom Bitmap File Syntax



To specify a symbol style based on a character from a TrueType font, use the

following syntax:



SYMBOL (filename, color, size, customstyle)



The filename argument is a text string that identifies a bitmap file (e.g.

"Arrow.BMP" in the CustSymb directory.



The customstyle argument is an integer that controls whether color and

background attributes are used. The following table lists the values



you can use as customstyle:



-----------------------------------------

customstyle value Effect on Symbol style

-----------------------------------------

0 Both the Shadow Background setting and the

Apply Color setting are off; symbol appears

in default states. White pixels in the bitmap

appear transparent, allowing whatever is

behind the symbol to show through.



1 The Show Background setting is on; white

pixels in the image are opaque.



2 The Apply Color setting is on; non-white

colors in the image are replaced with the

Symbol's color value.



3 Both Show Background and Apply Color settings

are on.

====================================================



FONT STYLES



The Font clause specifies the appearance (typeface, color, etc.) or text

objects. The Font clause has the following syntax:



FONT ("fontname", style, size, forecolor [, backcolor] )



Fontname in double quotation marks is the typeface to be displayed. Style is

the text attribute of the typeface as shown in the following table. Size

must be 0 in a MIF file, because each text object on a Map is attached to

the map itself (thus the text size changes as you zoom in or out). Forecolor

is an integer representing a 24-bit RGB color. The background color is

optional; if you include it, MapInfo fills the are behind the text with the

color you specify.



--------------------------------------

style value Effect on Font Appearance

--------------------------------------



0 Plain 1 Bold

2 Italic 4 Underline

16 Outline (only supported on the Macintosh)

32 Shadow 256 Halo

512 All Caps 1024 Expanded



--------------------------------------



To specify two or more style attributes, add the values from the left column.

For example, to specify Bold and All Caps, use 513.

====================================================

COLORS



Colors are often defined in relative concentractions of red, green, and blue.

Each color is a number from 0 to 255, inclusive; the RGB value of a color is

calculated by the following formula:



(red * 65536) + (green * 256) + blue



These are some often used colors and their values:



Red: 16711680

Green: 65280

Blue: 255

Cuan: 65535

Magenta: 16711935

Yellow: 16776960

Black: 0



==========================================================



=====================MID FILE=================



The MID file contains data, one record of data per row, delimited by the

character specified in the delimiter statement. The default delimiter is

Tab. Each row in the MID file is associated with a corresponding object in

the MIF file; first row with first object, second row with second object.

If delimiter character is included as part of the data in a field, enclose

the field in quotation marks.



The MID file is an optional file. When ther is no MID file, all fields are blank.
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    • devil 專家指數(shù) +3
      · 我很贊同 詳細(xì).. 發(fā)表與:2009-3-12 21:55:16
     
    [充值威望,立即自動(dòng)到帳] [VIP貴賓權(quán)限+威望套餐] 另有大量?jī)?yōu)惠贈(zèng)送活動(dòng),請(qǐng)光臨充值中心
    充值擁有大量的威望和最高的下載權(quán)限,下載站內(nèi)資料無憂
    unicom_fj
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    發(fā)表于 2009-03-12 10:01:05 
    學(xué)習(xí),學(xué)習(xí)。。。

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    [立即成為VIP會(huì)員,百萬通信專業(yè)資料立即下載,支付寶、微信付款,簡(jiǎn)單、快速!]
    luoxuan720
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    來自 南昌
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    發(fā)表于 2009-03-12 16:39:48 
    一大堆

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    最新通信職位:廣東通信人才網(wǎng) | 北京通信人才網(wǎng) | 上海通信人才網(wǎng) | 南京通信人才網(wǎng) | 西安通信人才網(wǎng) | 重慶通信人才網(wǎng) | 中國(guó)通信人才網(wǎng)
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    發(fā)表于 2009-03-12 20:14:45 
    學(xué)習(xí)。。。。。。。。

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    發(fā)表于 2009-03-17 20:19:02  QQ
    很長(zhǎng)、、、、、、、

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    發(fā)表于 2009-03-27 18:05:53 
    這是個(gè)好東東,有空好好看看!

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    我終究沒能飆得過那輛寶馬,只能眼看著它在夕陽中絕塵而去,不是我的引擎不好,而是我的車鏈子掉了。
     
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