第一章 EVDO 概述
第二章 EVDO 空中接口
2.1 空中接口概述
2.2 物理層...................................................................................................................................15
2.3 MAC 層................................................................................................................................34
2.4 安全層...................................................................................................................................50
2.5 連接層...................................................................................................................................54
2.6 會(huì)話層...................................................................................................................................59
2.7 流層.......................................................................................................................................63
2.8 應(yīng)用層...................................................................................................................................64
2.9 EVDO 空中接口關(guān)鍵技術(shù)....................................................................................................71
2.9.1 自適應(yīng)調(diào)制編碼.........................................................................................................71
2.9.2 HARQ .........................................................................................................................72
2.9.3 多用戶調(diào)度.................................................................................................................73
2.9.3.1 多用戶調(diào)度準(zhǔn)則..............................................................................................73
2.9.3.2 比例公平調(diào)度算法..........................................................................................74
2.9.4 速率控制.....................................................................................................................75
2.9.4.1 前向鏈路速率控制..........................................................................................75
2.9.4.2 反向鏈路速率控制..........................................................................................76
2.9.5 功率控制.....................................................................................................................77
2.9.5.1 前向鏈路功率分配原理及實(shí)現(xiàn)......................................................................77
2.9.5.2 反向鏈路功率控制原理及實(shí)現(xiàn)......................................................................78
2.9.6 虛擬軟切換.................................................................................................................79
第三章 EVDO IOS 功能介紹.....................................................................................................80
3.1 功能概述...............................................................................................................................80
3.1.1 參考模型.....................................................................................................................80
3.1.2 主要作用.....................................................................................................................80
3.1.2.1 在接入鑒權(quán)中的作用......................................................................................81
3.1.2.2 在移動(dòng)性管理中的作用..................................................................................81
3.1.2.3 在數(shù)據(jù)傳送中的作用......................................................................................81
3.2 A8/A9 接口功能....................................................................................................................82
3.2.1 A8 連接建立...............................................................................................................82
3.2.2 A8 連接重激活...........................................................................................................83
3.2.3 A8 連接釋放...............................................................................................................83
3.2.4 A8 連接參數(shù)更新.......................................................................................................84
3.2.5 A9 接口消息的定時(shí)器參數(shù).......................................................................................85
3.3 A10/A11 接口功能................................................................................................................85
3.3.1 A10 連接建立.............................................................................................................85
3.3.2 A10 連接釋放.............................................................................................................86
3.3.3 計(jì)費(fèi)信息傳送.............................................................................................................87
3.3.4 A11 接口消息的定時(shí)器參數(shù).....................................................................................87
3.4 A12 接口功能........................................................................................................................87
3.5 A13 接口功能........................................................................................................................88
第四章 EVDO 數(shù)據(jù)呼叫流程.....................................................................................................90
4.1 分組數(shù)據(jù)會(huì)話狀態(tài)................................................................................................................90
4.2 HRPD 會(huì)話建立、維持與關(guān)閉............................................................................................91
4.2.1 HRPD 會(huì)話建立.........................................................................................................91
4.2.2 HRPD 會(huì)話維持.........................................................................................................92
4.2.3 HRPD 會(huì)話關(guān)閉.........................................................................................................92
4.2.3.1 AT 發(fā)起HRPD 會(huì)話關(guān)閉（存在A8 連接） ................................................92
4.2.3.2 AT 發(fā)起HRPD 會(huì)話關(guān)閉（不存在A8 連接） ............................................93
4.2.3.3 AN 發(fā)起HRPD 會(huì)話關(guān)閉（存在A8 連接）................................................94
4.2.3.4 AN 發(fā)起HRPD 會(huì)話關(guān)閉（不存在A8 連接）............................................94
4.3 接入鑒權(quán)...............................................................................................................................95
4.4 位置更新...............................................................................................................................96
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4.4.1 AT 發(fā)起位置更新.......................................................................................................96
4.4.2 AN 發(fā)起位置更新......................................................................................................97
4.5 HRPD 連接建立....................................................................................................................97
4.5.1 AT 發(fā)起HRPD 連接建立..........................................................................................98
4.5.2 AT 發(fā)起HRPD 連接重激活......................................................................................99
4.5.3 PDSN 發(fā)起HRPD 連接重激活...............................................................................100
4.6 HRPD 連接釋放..................................................................................................................101
4.6.1 AT 發(fā)起HRPD 連接釋放........................................................................................101
4.6.2 AN 發(fā)起HRPD 連接釋放.......................................................................................102
4.6.3 PDSN 發(fā)起HRPD 連接關(guān)閉...................................................................................102
4.7 EVDO 子網(wǎng)切換..................................................................................................................103
4.7.1 相同PCF 下不同AN 之間的休眠切換..................................................................103
4.7.2 相同PDSN 下不同PCF 之間休眠切換..................................................................104
4.7.3 不同PDSN 之間休眠切換.......................................................................................106
第五章 EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全機(jī)制...................................................................................................108
5.1 EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全概述..........................................................................................................108
5.2 空口安全機(jī)制......................................................................................................................108
5.3 接入鑒權(quán)..............................................................................................................................109
5.3.1 基于MD5 算法的鑒權(quán)方式....................................................................................110
5.3.2 基于CAVE 算法的鑒權(quán)方式..................................................................................111
5.4 核心網(wǎng)鑒權(quán)..........................................................................................................................113
5.5 核心網(wǎng)數(shù)據(jù)保護(hù)..................................................................................................................115
第六章 EVDO QoS 機(jī)制..........................................................................................................116
6.1 引言.....................................................................................................................................116
6.2 QoS 評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo).....................................................................................................................116
6.3 QoS 服務(wù)模型.....................................................................................................................117
6.4.1 IntServ 服務(wù)模型......................................................................................................117
6.4.2 DiffServ 服務(wù)模型....................................................................................................118
6.4.3 IntServ 和DiffServ 相結(jié)合提供端到端的QoS 保證.............................................119
6.5 端到端的QoS 體系結(jié)構(gòu).....................................................................................................120
6.5.1 端到端的QoS 機(jī)制..................................................................................................120
6.5.2 IP QoS 機(jī)制..............................................................................................................121
6.5.3 承載層與傳送層QoS 機(jī)制......................................................................................121
6.6 EVDO QoS 實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制.........................................................................................................122
6.6.1 EVDO QoS 簡介......................................................................................................122
6.6.2 EVDO Rel 0 的QoS 實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制................................................................................123
6.6.3 EVDO Rev A 的QoS 機(jī)制......................................................................................123
6.6.3.1 前向鏈路QoS 實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制...............................................................................123
6.6.3.2 反向鏈路QoS 實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)制...............................................................................125
第七章 EVDO 系統(tǒng)性能分析...................................................................................................126
7.1 EVDO 鏈路覆蓋分析..........................................................................................................126
7.1.1 EVDO 鏈路覆蓋影響因素.......................................................................................126
7.1.1.1 有效全向發(fā)射功率........................................................................................127
7.1.1.2 接收機(jī)靈敏度................................................................................................128
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7.1.1.3 接收天線增益與接收端損耗........................................................................129
7.1.1.4 衰落余量........................................................................................................130
7.1.1.5 軟切換增益....................................................................................................130
7.1.1.6 分集增益........................................................................................................131
7.1.1.7 地物穿透損耗................................................................................................131
7.1.2 EVDO 前向鏈路預(yù)算...............................................................................................131
7.1.3 EVDO 反向鏈路預(yù)算...............................................................................................134
7.1.4 EVDO 系統(tǒng)前反向覆蓋差異性分析.......................................................................135
7.1.5 EVDO 與CDMA2000 1x 系統(tǒng)前反向覆蓋比較....................................................137
7.2 EVDO 系統(tǒng)容量分析..........................................................................................................138
7.2.1 EVDO 系統(tǒng)容量影響因素分析...............................................................................139
7.2.2 EVDO 前向容量分析...............................................................................................139
7.2.2.1 鏈路開銷影響分析........................................................................................139
7.2.2.2 多用戶調(diào)度影響分析....................................................................................140
7.2.2.3 HARQ 影響分析...........................................................................................142
7.2.2.4 速率控制影響分析........................................................................................146
7.2.3 EVDO 反向容量分析...............................................................................................147
7.2.4 EVDO 前反向容量差異性分析...............................................................................148
7.2.5 EVDO 與CDMA2000 1x 前反向容量比較............................................................149
7.3 EVDO 鏈路覆蓋和系統(tǒng)容量前反向受限分析..................................................................150
第八章 EVDO 組網(wǎng)與混合終端操作.......................................................................................152
8.1 組網(wǎng)方式..............................................................................................................................152
8.1.1 單獨(dú)組網(wǎng)...................................................................................................................152
8.1.2 混合組網(wǎng)...................................................................................................................152
8.1.2.1 升級(jí)組網(wǎng)方案................................................................................................153
8.1.2.2 疊加組網(wǎng)方案................................................................................................154
8.2 混合終端操作......................................................................................................................156
8.2.1 混合終端設(shè)置...........................................................................................................156
8.2.2 混合終端選網(wǎng)...........................................................................................................156
8.2.2.1 在接入層面上選網(wǎng)........................................................................................156
8.2.2.2 在應(yīng)用層面上選網(wǎng)........................................................................................157
8.2.2.3 開機(jī)選網(wǎng)........................................................................................................158
8.2.3 兩網(wǎng)切換...................................................................................................................159
8.2.3.1 混合覆蓋區(qū)內(nèi)的切換....................................................................................159
8.2.3.2 混合覆蓋區(qū)邊緣的切換................................................................................164
第九章 EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃和優(yōu)化...............................................................................................168
9.1 CDMA 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃和優(yōu)化的基本功能概述.........................................................................168
9.2 CDMA 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃的準(zhǔn)則/要求/流程...................................................................................168
9.2.1 CDMA 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃的準(zhǔn)則..........................................................................................168
9.2.2 CDMA 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃的要求..........................................................................................169
9.2.2.1 合理選擇天線類型和天線掛高....................................................................169
9.2.2.2 明確覆蓋目標(biāo)和覆蓋區(qū)域............................................................................170
9.2.2.3 話務(wù)量分布....................................................................................................171
9.2.2.4 地理形態(tài)特性................................................................................................171
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9.2.2.5 室內(nèi)覆蓋策略................................................................................................171
9.2.3 CDMA 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃的流程..........................................................................................172
9.2.3.1 設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)備........................................................................................................172
9.2.3.2 初步設(shè)計(jì)........................................................................................................172
9.2.3.3 最終設(shè)計(jì)........................................................................................................173
9.3 CDMA2000 1x 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃....................................................................................................173
9.3.1 覆蓋規(guī)劃...................................................................................................................173
9.3.2 PN 規(guī)劃.....................................................................................................................174
9.3.3 切換規(guī)劃...................................................................................................................175
9.3.4 功率規(guī)劃...................................................................................................................176
9.3.5 登記區(qū)域規(guī)劃...........................................................................................................176
9.3.6 其他特點(diǎn)...................................................................................................................177
9.4 混合組網(wǎng)時(shí)的EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃.........................................................................................177
9.4.1 EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃的技術(shù)特點(diǎn)...................................................................................177
9.4.2 EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃的特殊要求...................................................................................178
9.4.3 影響EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃的特殊因素..........................................................................179
9.4.3.1 話務(wù)模型對(duì)EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃的影響...........................................................179
9.4.3.2 技術(shù)發(fā)展對(duì)EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)規(guī)劃的影響...........................................................179
9.5 混合組網(wǎng)時(shí)的EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化.........................................................................................179
9.5.1 EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化的必要性.......................................................................................179
9.5.2 EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化的基本準(zhǔn)則...................................................................................180
9.5.3 EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能的評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)...................................................................................181
9.5.3.1 覆蓋評(píng)價(jià)........................................................................................................181
9.5.3.2 容量評(píng)價(jià)........................................................................................................181
9.5.4 EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)優(yōu)化的方法和流程...............................................................................182
9.5.4.1 優(yōu)化準(zhǔn)備........................................................................................................182
9.5.4.2 優(yōu)化條件........................................................................................................183
9.5.4.3 基于路測(cè)的優(yōu)化............................................................................................183
9.5.4.4 基于話務(wù)統(tǒng)計(jì)的優(yōu)化....................................................................................185
9.5.5 EVDO 優(yōu)化流程.......................................................................................................187
9.6 EVDO 網(wǎng)絡(luò)關(guān)鍵性能指標(biāo)分析..........................................................................................188
9.6.1 數(shù)據(jù)吞吐量影響因素分析.......................................................................................188
9.6.1.1 無線覆蓋弱....................................................................................................189
9.6.1.2 導(dǎo)頻污染........................................................................................................190
9.6.1.3 鄰區(qū)設(shè)計(jì)不合理............................................................................................191
9.6.1.4 PN 設(shè)計(jì)不合理..............................................................................................192
9.6.1.5 搜索窗設(shè)計(jì)不合理........................................................................................193
9.6.1.6 其它因素........................................................................................................193
9.6.2 數(shù)據(jù)呼叫建立成功率和掉話率影響因素分析.......................................................194
9.6.2.1 反向鏈路過載................................................................................................195
9.6.2.2 最大連接數(shù)限制............................................................................................196
9.6.2.3 接入鑒權(quán)失敗................................................................................................196
9.6.3 切換性能分析...........................................................................................................197
9.6.3.1 空閑切換........................................................................................................197
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9.6.3.2 虛擬軟切換....................................................................................................197
9.6.3.3 硬切換............................................................................................................197
第十章 EVDO Rel A 介紹........................................................................................................199
10.1 EVDO Rel 0 功能限制......................................................................................................199
10.2 EVDO Rev A 的設(shè)計(jì)目標(biāo)................................................................................................199
10.3 EVDO Rev A 空中接口新增功能....................................................................................200
10.3.1 應(yīng)用層新增功能.....................................................................................................200
10.3.2 流層新增功能.........................................................................................................201
10.3.3 會(huì)話層新增功能.....................................................................................................201
10.3.4 連接層新增功能.....................................................................................................202
10.3.5 安全層新增功能.....................................................................................................202
10.3.6 MAC 層新增功能...................................................................................................203
10.3.7 物理層新增功能.....................................................................................................204
10.3.7.1 物理信道改動(dòng)..............................................................................................205
10.3.7.2 鏈路速率和系統(tǒng)容量的提高......................................................................206
10.3.7.3 切換能力的增強(qiáng)..........................................................................................206
10.3.7.4 反向鏈路的分組重傳..................................................................................206
10.3.7.5 業(yè)務(wù)QoS 的增強(qiáng).........................................................................................208
10.4 Rev A 對(duì)A 接口和核心網(wǎng)的要求....................................................................................209
10.5 Rev A 對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)設(shè)備的技術(shù)要求........................................................................................209
10.6 Rev A 的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展........................................................................................................210