【資料名稱】：LTE, The UMTS Long Term Evolution From T

【資料作者】： Stefania Sesia, Issam Toufik and Matthe

【資料日期】：20091101

【資料語言】：英文

【資料格式】：PDF

【資料目錄和簡介】：

LTE, The UMTS Long Term Evolution From Theory to Practice
Contents
Editors’Biographiesxvii
ListofContributorsxix
Forewordxxi
Prefacexxiii
Acknowledgementsxxvii
ListofAcronymsxxix
1IntroductionandBackground1
ThomasSälzerandMatthewBaker
1.1TheContextfortheLongTermEvolutionofUMTS..............1
1.1.1HistoricalContext...........................1
1.1.2LTEintheMobileRadioLandscape..................2
1.1.3TheStandardizationProcessin3GPP.................5
1.2RequirementsandTargetsfortheLongTermEvolution............7
1.2.1SystemPerformanceRequirements..................7
1.2.2DeploymentCostandInteroperability.. ...............12
1.3TechnologiesfortheLongTermEvolution ...................14
1.3.1MulticarrierTechnology. .......................14
1.3.2MultipleAntennaTechnology.. ...................16
1.3.3Packet-SwitchedRadioInterface....................17
1.3.4UserEquipmentCapabilities... ...................18
1.4FromTheorytoPractice............................18
References.......................................20
PartINetworkArchitectureandProtocols21
2NetworkArchitecture23
SudeepPalatandPhilippeGodin
2.1Introduction. ..................................23
2.2OverallArchitecturalOverview.........................24
2.2.1TheCoreNetwork...........................24
2.2.2TheAccessNetwork ..........................27
2.2.3RoamingArchitecture.........................29
2.2.4Inter-WorkingwithotherNetworks..................30
2.3ProtocolArchitecture..............................30
2.3.1UserPlane...............................30
2.3.2ControlPlane..............................31
2.4QualityofServiceandEPSBearers ......................32
2.4.1BearerEstablishmentProcedure....................35
2.5TheE-UTRANNetworkInterfaces:S1Interface.... ...........36
2.5.1ProtocolStructureOverS1.......................36
2.5.2InitiationOverS1.. ..........................38
2.5.3ContextManagementOverS1.....................39
2.5.4BearerManagementOverS1......................39
2.5.5PagingOverS1.............................40
2.5.6MobilityOverS1.. ..........................40
2.5.7LoadManagementOverS1......................42
2.6TheE-UTRANNetworkInterfaces:X2Interface.... ...........43
2.6.1ProtocolStructureOverX2......................43
2.6.2InitiationOverX2. ..........................43
2.6.3MobilityOverX2.. ..........................45
2.6.4LoadandInterferenceManagementOverX2.............48
2.6.5UEHistoricalInformationOverX2..................49
2.7Summary....................................49
References.......................................50
3ControlPlaneProtocols51
HimkevanderVelde
3.1Introduction.. .................................51
3.2RadioResourceControl(RRC)... ......................52
3.2.1Introduction..... ..........................52
3.2.2SystemInformation...........................54
3.2.3ConnectionControlwithinLTE....................57
3.2.4ConnectedModeInter-RATMobility...... ...........66
3.2.5Measurements.............................68
3.2.6OtherRRCSignallingAspects... ..................70
3.3PLMNandCellSelection............................71
3.3.1Introduction..... ..........................71
3.3.2PLMNSelection............................71
3.3.3CellSelection..............................72
3.3.4CellReselection............................73
3.4Paging......................................77
3.5Summary....................................78
References.......................................78
4UserPlaneProtocols79
PatrickFischer,SeungJuneYi,SungDuckChunandYoungDaeLee
4.1IntroductiontotheUserPlaneProtocolStack.. ...............79
4.2PacketDataConvergenceProtocol.......................80
4.2.1FunctionsandArchitecture.......................80
4.2.2HeaderCompression..........................82
4.2.3Security.................................83
4.2.4Handover................................84
4.2.5DiscardofDataPackets........................88
4.2.6PDCPPDUFormats..........................88
4.3RadioLinkControl(RLC)...........................90
4.3.1RLCEntities... ...........................90
4.3.2RLCPDUFormats...........................96
4.4MediumAccessControl(MAC). .......................99
4.4.1MACArchitecture...........................99
4.4.2MACFunctions.............................104
4.5SummaryoftheUserPlaneProtocols.....................110
References.......................................110
PartIIPhysicalLayerforDownlink111
5OrthogonalFrequencyDivisionMultipleAccess(OFDMA)113
AndreaAncora,IssamToufik,AndreasBuryandDirkSlock
5.1Introduction. ..................................113
5.1.1HistoryofOFDMDevelopment....................114
5.2OFDM......................................115
5.2.1OrthogonalMultiplexingPrinciple ...................115
5.2.2Peak-to-AveragePowerRatioandSensitivitytoNonlinearity.....121
5.2.3SensitivitytoCarrierFrequencyOffsetandTime-VaryingChannels.123
5.2.4TimingOffsetandCyclicPrefixDimensioning............125
5.3OFDMA.....................................128
5.3.1ParameterDimensioning........................129
5.3.2PhysicalLayerParametersforLTE..................130
5.4Conclusion...................................132
References.......................................133
6IntroductiontoDownlinkPhysicalLayerDesign135
MatthewBaker
6.1Introduction. ..................................135
6.2TransmissionResourceStructure........................135
6.3SignalStructure.................................138
6.4IntroductiontoDownlinkOperation... ...................139
References.......................................140
7SynchronizationandCellSearch141
FabrizioTomatisandStefaniaSesia
7.1Introduction.. .................................141
7.2SynchronizationSequencesandCellSearchinLTE..............141
7.2.1Zadoff–ChuSequences.........................145
7.2.2PrimarySynchronizationSignal(PSS)Sequences ...........147
7.2.3SecondarySynchronizationSignal(SSS)Sequences.. .......150
7.2.4CellSearchPerformance........................153
7.3CoherentVersusNon-CoherentDetection...................155
7.3.1CoherentDetection...........................156
7.3.2Non-CoherentDetection........................156
References.......................................157
8ReferenceSignalsandChannelEstimation159
AndreaAncoraandStefaniaSesia
8.1IntroductiontoChannelEstimationandReferenceSignals... .......159
8.2DesignofReferenceSignalsinLTE......................161
8.2.1Cell-SpecificReferenceSignals....................161
8.2.2UE-SpecificReferenceSignals.....................163
8.3RS-AidedChannelModellingandEstimation...... ...........165
8.3.1Time-FrequencyDomainCorrelation:TheWSSUSChannelModel.166
8.3.2SpatialDomainCorrelation:TheKroneckerModel..........168
8.4FrequencyDomainChannelEstimation....................169
8.4.1ChannelEstimationbyInterpolation..................170
8.4.2GeneralApproachtoLinearChannelEstimation...........171
8.4.3PerformanceComparison........................173
8.5Time-DomainChannelEstimation.......................174
8.5.1FiniteandInfiniteLengthMMSE...................174
8.5.2NormalizedLeast-Mean-Square....................176
8.6SpatialDomainChannelEstimation......................177
8.7AdvancedTechniques..............................178
References.......................................179
9DownlinkPhysicalDataandControlChannels181
MatthewBakerandTimMoulsley
9.1Introduction.. .................................181
9.2DownlinkData-TransportingChannels.....................181
9.2.1PhysicalBroadcastChannel(PBCH)..................181
9.2.2PhysicalDownlinkSharedChannel(PDSCH).............184
9.2.3PhysicalMulticastChannel(PMCH)..................188
9.3DownlinkControlChannels..........................189
9.3.1RequirementsforControlChannelDesign...............189
9.3.2ControlChannelStructureandContents................191
9.3.3ControlChannelOperation.......................200
9.3.4SchedulingProcessfromaControlChannelViewpoint........205
References.......................................206
10ChannelCodingandLinkAdaptation207
BrianClasson,AjitNimbalker,StefaniaSesiaandIssamToufik
10.1Introduction. ..................................207
10.2LinkAdaptationandFeedbackComputation..................208
10.2.1CQIFeedbackinLTE.........................211
10.3ChannelCoding.................................214
10.3.1TheoreticalAspectsofChannelCoding................214
10.3.2ChannelCodingforDataChannelsinLTE..............225
10.3.3CodingforControlChannelsinLTE..................237
10.4ConcludingRemarks..............................238
References.......................................239
11MultipleAntennaTechniques243
DavidGesbert,CorneliusvanRensburg,FilippoTosatoandFlorianKaltenberger
11.1FundamentalsofMultipleAntennaTheory ...................243
11.1.1Overview................................243
11.1.2MIMOSignalModel..........................246
11.1.3Single-UserMIMOTechniques....................247
11.1.4Multi-UserTechniques.. .......................252
11.2MIMOSchemesinLTE.............................256
11.2.1PracticalConsiderations........................256
11.2.2Single-UserSchemes..........................258
11.2.3Multi-UserSchemes... .......................267
11.2.4Physical-LayerMIMOPerformance..................276
11.3ConcludingRemarks..............................281
References.......................................282
12Multi-UserSchedulingandInterferenceCoordination285
IssamToufikandRaymondKnopp
12.1Introduction. ..................................285
12.2GeneralConsiderationsforResourceAllocationStrategies..........286
12.3SchedulingAlgorithms.............................289
12.3.1ErgodicCapacity. ...........................290
12.3.2Delay-LimitedCapacity........................291
12.3.3PerformanceofSchedulingStrategies.................292
12.4ConsiderationsforResourceSchedulinginLTE................293
12.5InterferenceCoordinationandFrequencyReuse................294
12.6ConcludingRemarks..............................299
References.......................................299
13RadioResourceManagement301
FrancescBoixadera
13.1Introduction. ..................................301
13.2OverviewofUEMobilityActivities... ...................302
13.3CellSearch...................................303
13.3.1LTECellSearch............................303
13.3.2UMTSCellSearch...........................304
13.3.3GSMCellSearch............................305
13.4MeasurementswhenCampedonLTE.....................307
13.4.1LTEMeasurements...........................308
13.4.2UMTSFDDMeasurements......................309
13.4.3UMTSTDDMeasurements......................310
13.4.4GSMMeasurements..........................310
13.4.5CDMA2000Measurements ......................310
13.5LTEMobilityinRRC_IDLE–NeighbourCellMonitoringandCell
Reselection...................................311
13.5.1Priority-BasedCellReselection....................311
13.5.2MeasurementsinIdleMode......................312
13.6LTEMobilityinRRC_CONNECTED–Handover... ...........312
13.6.1MonitoringGapPatternCharacteristics................313
13.6.2MeasurementReporting........................316
13.6.3HandovertoLTE............................317
13.6.4HandovertoUMTS...........................319
13.6.5HandovertoGSM...........................319
13.7ConcludingRemarks..............................320
References.......................................320
4BroadcastOperation323
OlivierHusandMatthewBaker
14.1Introduction.. .................................323
14.2BroadcastModes................................324
14.2.1BroadcastandMulticast........................324
14.2.2UMTSRelease6MBMSServiceandDeliverySystem........325
14.3MBMSinLTE.................................327
14.3.1SingleFrequencyNetworkforMBMS.................327
14.3.2MBMSDeployment..........................330
14.3.3MBMSArchitectureandProtocols...................334
14.4UECapabilitiesforMBMSReception... ..................338
14.4.1DualReceiverCapability.. ......................339
14.4.2SupportofEmergencyServices.. ..................339
14.5ComparisonofMobileBroadcastModes....................339
14.5.1DeliverybyCellularNetworks.....................339
14.5.2DeliverybyBroadcastNetworks....................340
14.5.3ServicesandApplications.......................340
References.......................................341
PartIIIPhysicalLayerforUplink343
15UplinkPhysicalLayerDesign345
RobertLoveandVijayNangia
15.1Introduction. ..................................345
15.2SC-FDMAPrinciples..............................346
15.2.1SC-FDMATransmissionStructure...................346
15.2.2Time-DomainSignalGeneration....................346
15.2.3Frequency-DomainSignalGeneration(DFT-S-OFDM)........348
15.3SC-FDMADesigninLTE...........................349
15.3.1TransmitProcessingforLTE......................350
15.3.2SC-FDMAParametersforLTE....................351
15.3.3d.c.SubcarrierinSC-FDMA......................352
15.3.4PulseShaping..............................353
15.4Summary....................................357
References.......................................357
16UplinkReferenceSignals359
RobertLoveandVijayNangia
16.1Introduction. ..................................359
16.2RSSignalSequenceGeneration........................360
16.2.1BaseRSSequencesandSequenceGrouping...... ........361
16.2.2OrthogonalRSviaCyclicTime-ShiftsofaBaseSequence.. ....362
16.3Sequence-GroupHoppingandPlanning. ...................364
16.3.1Sequence-GroupHopping .......................364
16.3.2Sequence-GroupPlanning.......................365
16.4CyclicShiftHopping... ...........................366
16.5DemodulationReferenceSignals(DMRS)... ...............367
16.5.1RSSymbolDuration..........................367
16.6UplinkSoundingReferenceSignals(SRS) ...................370
16.6.1SRSSubframeConfigurationandPosition ...............370
16.6.2DurationandPeriodicityofSRSTransmissions............371
16.6.3SRSSymbolStructure.........................371
16.7Summary....................................373
References.......................................374
17UplinkPhysicalChannelStructure377
RobertLoveandVijayNangia
17.1Introduction. ..................................377
17.2UplinkSharedDataChannelStructure.....................378
17.2.1SchedulingSupportedinLTESC-FDMAUplink... ........379
17.3UplinkControlChannelDesign........................381
17.3.1PhysicalUplinkControlChannel(PUCCH)Structure.........382
17.3.2ChannelQualityIndicatorTransmissiononPUCCH(Format2)...386
17.3.3MultiplexingofCQIandHARQACK/NACKfromaUEonPUCCH388
17.3.4HARQACK/NACKTransmissiononPUCCH(Format1a/1b)....390
17.3.5MultiplexingofCQIandHARQACK/NACKintheSamePUCCH
RB(MixedPUCCHRB)........................396
17.3.6SchedulingRequest(SR)TransmissiononPUCCH(Format1)....397
17.4MultiplexingofControlSignallingandUL-SCHDataonPUSCH......398
17.5Multiple-AntennaTechniques... ......................400
17.5.1Closed-LoopSwitchedAntennaDiversity...............400
17.5.2Multi-User‘Virtual’MIMOorSDMA...... ...........402
17.6Summary....................................402
References.......................................402
18UplinkCapacityandCoverage405
RobertLoveandVijayNangia
18.1Introduction.. .................................405
18.2UplinkCapacity.................................405
18.2.1FactorsAffectingUplinkCapacity...................406
18.2.2LTEUplinkCapacityEvaluation....................413
18.3LTEUplinkCoverageandLinkBudget.. ..................415
18.4Summary....................................419
References.......................................419
19RandomAccess421
PierreBertrandandJingJiang
19.1Introduction.. .................................421
19.2RandomAccessUsageandRequirementsinLTE.... ...........421
19.3RandomAccessProcedure. ..........................422
19.3.1Contention-BasedRandomAccessProcedure.. ...........423
19.3.2Contention-FreeRandomAccessProcedure... ...........426
19.4PhysicalRandomAccessChannelDesign. ..................426
19.4.1MultiplexingofPRACHwithPUSCHandPUCCH... .......427
19.4.2ThePRACHStructure.........................427
19.4.3PreambleSequenceTheoryandDesign................434
19.5PRACHImplementation............................447
19.5.1UETransmitter... ..........................447
19.5.2eNodeBPRACHReceiver. ......................449
19.6TimeDivisionDuplex(TDD)PRACH.....................454
19.6.1PreambleFormat4...........................455
19.7ConcludingRemarks..............................456
References.......................................456
20UplinkTransmissionProcedures459
MatthewBaker
20.1Introduction.. .................................459
20.2UplinkTimingControl.............................459
20.2.1Overview................................459
20.2.2TimingAdvanceProcedure.......................460
20.3PowerControl..................................463
20.3.1Overview................................463
20.3.2DetailedPowerControlBehaviour...................464
20.3.3UEPowerHeadroomReporting....................470
20.3.4SummaryofUplinkPowerControlStrategies.............471
References.......................................471
PartIVPracticalDeploymentAspects473
21TheRadioPropagationEnvironment475
JuhaYlitaloandTommiJämsä
21.1Introduction. ..................................475
21.2SISOandSIMOChannelModels........................476
21.2.1ITUChannelModel..........................477
21.2.23GPPChannelModel.........................478
21.2.3ExtendedITUModels.........................478
21.3MIMOChannel.................................479
21.3.1EffectofSpatialCorrelation......................480
21.3.2SCMChannelModel..........................481
21.3.3SCM-ExtensionChannelModel....................484
21.3.4WINNERModel............................486
21.3.5LTEEvaluationModel.........................487
21.3.6ComparisonofMIMOChannelModels................490
21.3.7ExtendedITUModelswithSpatialCorrelation............492
21.4ITUChannelModelsforIMT-Advanced....................494
21.5MIMOChannelEmulation...........................494
21.5.1PerformanceandConformanceTesting................495
21.5.2LTEChannelModelsforConformanceTesting............495
21.5.3RequirementsforaChannelEmulator.................496
21.5.4MIMOConformanceTesting......................496
21.6ConcludingRemarks..............................497
References.......................................498
22RadioFrequencyAspects501
TonySayers,AdrianPayne,StefaniaSesia,RobertLove,VijayNangiaand
GunnarNitsche
22.1Introduction. ..................................501
22.2FrequencyBandsandArrangements......................503
22.3TransmitterRFRequirements... .......................505
22.3.1RequirementsfortheIntendedTransmissions.............505
22.3.2RequirementsforUnwantedEmissions................508