【資料名稱】：CAMEL - Intelligent Networks for GSM, GPRS, UMTS Ntwks

【資料作者】：R. Noldus

【資料日期】：2010

【資料語言】：英文

【資料格式】：PDF

【資料目錄和簡介】：

CAMEL英文資料 :
In the 1990’s the INAP (Intelligent Network Application Part) protocol was the dominant IN
protocol. The INAP was mainly used in the fixed network environment and it worked well. However,
the main issue was that the INAP deployments were vendor- and operator-specific since the INAP
specification was lacking in some details. For example, many parameters are octet strings – leaving
it up to the vendor to specify the precise encoding.
The other key functionality missing from INAP was mobility. The GSM system was becoming
the dominant mobile network, and allowed for mobility between countries. The mobile operators
were now seeing a real need to provide services to their subscribers when they were roaming.
To address these needs, ETSI started a project called CAMEL in late 1995. First, someone
invented a distinctive name and then the words were filled in later. In fact, very few people
actually remember what the ‘a(chǎn)bbreviation’ actually stands for, including myself. As a result of this
activity, CAMEL phase 1 was developed. CAMEL phase 1 is a very simple standard, but is tailored
to the GSM-based core networks. One could claim that CAMEL is a child of INAP.