【資料名稱】：高質(zhì)量C++/C 編程指南

【資料作者】：林銳

【資料日期】：2001 年7 月24 日

【資料語(yǔ)言】：中文

【資料格式】：DOC

【資料目錄和簡(jiǎn)介】：

目錄
前 言..................................................................................................................................6
第 1 章文件結(jié)構(gòu) ............................................................................................................. 11
1.1 版權(quán)和版本的聲明.................................................................................................. 11
1.2 頭文件的結(jié)構(gòu) ......................................................................................................... 12
1.3 定義文件的結(jié)構(gòu) ..................................................................................................... 13
1.4 頭文件的作用 ......................................................................................................... 13
1.5 目錄結(jié)構(gòu) ................................................................................................................ 14
第 2 章程序的版式 ......................................................................................................... 15
2.1 空行 ........................................................................................................................ 15
2.2 代碼行.................................................................................................................... 16
2.3 代碼行內(nèi)的空格 ..................................................................................................... 17
2.4 對(duì)齊 ........................................................................................................................ 18
2.5 長(zhǎng)行拆分 ................................................................................................................ 19
2.6 修飾符的位置 ......................................................................................................... 19
2.7 注釋 ........................................................................................................................ 20
2.8 類的版式 ................................................................................................................ 21
第 3 章命名規(guī)則 ............................................................................................................. 22
3.1 共性規(guī)則 ................................................................................................................ 22
3.2 簡(jiǎn)單的 WINDOWS 應(yīng)用程序命名規(guī)則..................................................................... 23
3.3 簡(jiǎn)單的 UNIX 應(yīng)用程序命名規(guī)則............................................................................ 25
第 4 章表達(dá)式和基本語(yǔ)句 .............................................................................................. 26
4.1 運(yùn)算符的優(yōu)先級(jí) ..................................................................................................... 26
4.2 復(fù)合表達(dá)式............................................................................................................. 27
4.3 IF 語(yǔ)句.................................................................................................................... 27
4.4 循環(huán)語(yǔ)句的效率 ..................................................................................................... 29
4.5 FOR 語(yǔ)句的循環(huán)控制變量....................................................................................... 30
4.6 SWITCH 語(yǔ)句............................................................................................................ 30
4.7 GOTO 語(yǔ)句............................................................................................................... 31
第 5 章常量..................................................................................................................... 33
5.1 為什么需要常量 ..................................................................................................... 33
5.2 CONST 與#DEFINE的比較...................................................................................... 33
5.3 常量定義規(guī)則 ......................................................................................................... 33
5.4 類中的常量............................................................................................................. 34
第 6 章函數(shù)設(shè)計(jì) ............................................................................................................. 36
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2001 Page 4 of 101
6.1 參數(shù)的規(guī)則............................................................................................................. 36
6.2 返回值的規(guī)則......................................................................................................... 37
6.3 函數(shù)內(nèi)部實(shí)現(xiàn)的規(guī)則 .............................................................................................. 39
6.4 其它建議 ................................................................................................................ 40
6.5 使用斷言 ................................................................................................................ 41
6.6 引用與指針的比較.................................................................................................. 42
第 7 章內(nèi)存管理 ............................................................................................................. 44
7.1 內(nèi)存分配方式.......................................................................................................... 44
7.2 常見的內(nèi)存錯(cuò)誤及其對(duì)策....................................................................................... 44
7.3 指針與數(shù)組的對(duì)比.................................................................................................. 45
7.4 指針參數(shù)是如何傳遞內(nèi)存的？ ............................................................................... 47
7.5 FREE 和DELETE 把指針怎么啦？............................................................................ 50
7.6 動(dòng)態(tài)內(nèi)存會(huì)被自動(dòng)釋放嗎？................................................................................... 50
7.7 杜絕“野指針” ..................................................................................................... 51
7.8 有了 MALLOC/FREE 為什么還要NEW/DELETE ？ .................................................. 52
7.9 內(nèi)存耗盡怎么辦？.................................................................................................. 53
7.10 MALLOC/FREE 的使用要點(diǎn)................................................................................... 54
7.11 NEW /DELETE 的使用要點(diǎn)...................................................................................... 55
7.12 一些心得體會(huì) ....................................................................................................... 56
第 8 章 C++函數(shù)的高級(jí)特性........................................................................................... 57
8.1 函數(shù)重載的概念 ..................................................................................................... 57
8.2 成員函數(shù)的重載、覆蓋與隱藏 ............................................................................... 60
8.3 參數(shù)的缺省值 ......................................................................................................... 63
8.4 運(yùn)算符重載............................................................................................................. 64
8.5 函數(shù)內(nèi)聯(lián) ................................................................................................................ 65
8.6 一些心得體會(huì) ......................................................................................................... 68
第 9 章類的構(gòu)造函數(shù)、析構(gòu)函數(shù)與賦值函數(shù)................................................................ 69
9.1 構(gòu)造函數(shù)與析構(gòu)函數(shù)的起源................................................................................... 69
9.2 構(gòu)造函數(shù)的初始化表 .............................................................................................. 70
9.3 構(gòu)造和析構(gòu)的次序.................................................................................................. 72
9.4 示例：類 STRING 的構(gòu)造函數(shù)與析構(gòu)函數(shù)............................................................. 72
9.5 不要輕視拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)與賦值函數(shù) ....................................................................... 73
9.6 示例：類 STRING 的拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)與賦值函數(shù)...................................................... 73
9.7 偷懶的辦法處理拷貝構(gòu)造函數(shù)與賦值函數(shù) ............................................................ 75
9.8 如何在派生類中實(shí)現(xiàn)類的基本函數(shù) ....................................................................... 75
9.9 一些心得體會(huì) ......................................................................................................... 77
第 10 章類的繼承與組合 ................................................................................................ 78
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10.1 繼承 ...................................................................................................................... 78
10.2 組合 ...................................................................................................................... 80
第 11 章其它編程經(jīng)驗(yàn) .................................................................................................... 82
11.1 使用 CONST 提高函數(shù)的健壯性............................................................................ 82
11.2 提高程序的效率.................................................................................................... 84
11.3 一些有益的建議.................................................................................................... 85
參考文獻(xiàn) .......................................................................................................................... 87
附錄 A ：C++/C 代碼審查表.......................................................................................... 88
附錄 B ：C++/C 試題...................................................................................................... 93
附錄 C ：C++/C 試題的答案與評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)....................................................................... 97